具有数量意义的有:
一 全部
holo- holography全息照片
mono- monoxide一氧化物 \ monotone单调
pan- Pan- American泛美的
omni- omnipresent无所不在的 \ omnipotent全能的
uni- unicycle
二
amphi- amphibian两栖动物
bi- bilingual双语的
di- dialogue \ dioxide \
twi- two twilight黎明;黄昏
一半
demi- demigod
hemi- hemisphere
quasi- half quasi-official半官方的
para- half paramilitary准军事性的
semi- half semicircle半圆
三
tri- three triangle三角形
四
tetra- four
quadri- four quadrangle四角形
五
penta- five pentagon五角形
六
hexa- six hexagon六角形
sex- six
七
hepta- = seven heptagon七角形
sept- = seven September(古罗马七月) 九月
八
octa- = eight octagon八角形
九
十
deca- = ten decagon十角形
十分之一
deci- = one tenth decimeter
百
hecto- = hundred
千
kilo- = thousand kilogram \ kilowatt
千分之一
milli- = milligram
宏macro- = macrocosm
微micro- = microcosm
小mini- = little minibus \ miniskirt
多multi- = multiparty多党的
poly- = many polysyllable多音节词
共同co-(变体有col- \ com- \ con- \ cor- )cooperation \ collaboration \ compassion \ contemporary \ correspond
再re- = again rewrite \ rebuild
3·后缀
最常见的形容词后缀有:
1. -ble:包括:-able : readable \lovable \ knowable \inflammable -ible : sensible \ resistible \conductible 名词一般是-ability \ -ibility:inflammability \ sensibility
2.- al包括:-al : personal \ national 名词一般是-ality:personality \ nationality -ial :
presidential \ dictatorial -ical : typical \ symbolical \ biological (一般由结尾为-y的名词派生而来)
3. -an包括:-an republican \ American -ean : European -ian : Egyptian \ Canadian (名词和形容词同形)
4. - ar包括:-ar : similar \ solar -ular : globular
5. - ed : colored \gifted \ retired
6. -ern : eastern \ western
7. -ese : Chinese \ Japanese(名词和形容词同形)
8. -fold :表示倍数twofold \ manyfold
9. -ful : useful \skillful
10. -ic包括:-ic : atomic \ historic -istic : artistic \ realistic -tic : dramatic \ romantic
11. - ile : infantile \ fertile
12. - ing : changing \ developing
13. - ior :exterior \ interior
14. -ish :childish \ reddish \ English \
15. - ist : socialist \ nationalist
16. -ive包括:-itive : sensitive \ primitive -ive : protective \ productive
17. - less : homeless \ useless
18. - like : childlike \ manlike
19. -ly: friendly \ costly \ daily \
20. - nt包括:-ant : assistant \ expectant \ -ent : insistent \ different \-
21. -ous :包括 -aceous : curvaceous有曲线的\ herbaceous草本的 -acious :vivacious活泼 的、rapacious掠夺的 -aneous : simultaneous同时发生的\ spontaneous自发的 -eous :
righteous正直的 \ gaseous 气体的 -ious : anxious焦急的\ curious好奇的 -ous : dangerous 危险的 \ glorious光荣的
22. -proof: fireproof \ bombproof
23. - ry包括:-ary : secondary \ elementary -ory : informatory \ explanatory
24. -some: troublesome \ lonesome
25. -ward :downward \ seaward
26. - y : rainy \ rosy \ sleepy
最常见的名词后缀有:
表示具体的人、物的后缀:-an (- ian , - ean ,-ane ) \ -ant \ -ar \ -ary \ -er \ -ician \ -ist \ -ite \ -or \ -ory \ -ics \ -ilogy等。
表示抽象的动作情况的后缀: -acity : capacity -acy: fallacy - al (-ial , -eal ) : denial \ refusal -ence ( - ance , -ency , -ancy ): influence \ acceptance \ - ion: union \ creation -ism : heroism -ment (- men) : excitement \ monument - mony : matrimony \ -ness : coldness \ goodness - or :error -sis: analysis \ -tude : longitude \ multitude -ty : novelty -ure: pressure -y : victory
最常见的动词后缀有:
-ate:differentiate \ maturate \
-en:sharpen \ darken \
-fy:simplify \ beautify \classify
-ise(-ize):criticize \ fertilize \ modernize